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(Model.)

W. R. 8v J; J. RAWLINGS.

BLOW PIPE.

@l Jhn 7 Rawh'ngs Patented Mar. 25,1890..

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

WILLIAM R. RAWLINGS AND JOHN J. RAIVLINGS, OF SOUTH KENSINGTON,

` COUNTY OF MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND.

BLOW-PIPE.

SPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 424,024, dated March 25,1890. Appneetie ned Mey 29, 188s. senti Ne. 275,450.Y (Medel.) Patentedin Euganei April 21, 188s, Ne. 5,950.

be kept burning in the intervals of use-as a pilot-light-and in whichthe volume and intensity of the flame may be easily controlled at willby a single cock or valve.

There is appended hereto a sheet of drawings, to which reference ishereinafter made, and in which- Figure 1 represents a longitudinal View,and Fig. 2 a cross-section at A B, Fig. 1, of a blow-pipe constructedaccording to our improvements. Fig. 3 is a diagram of the ways Y orchannels in the plug of the cock. Fig. 4

is a plan of the jet-nozzle, and Fig. 5 represents a modified form ofthe front end of the apparatus. f

In each of the figures similar elements and details are indicated bysimilar letters.

C is a tubular casin g, at one end of which is the valve or cock D andthe air-inlet E.

At the opposite end of the apparatus is the nozzle F, whichfis inclosedby a perforated metallic tube .or truncated cone G, Within which andaround the nozzle is a deflectingcone H.

Within the casing there is a curved wicktube I, an air-tube J, and a jet-tube K, which passes through the center of the wick-tube to thenozzle F, where it is terminated by the jet in the center of the nozzle.l

The nozzle for filling the liquid fuel into the apparatus may be formedinany convenient position; but we prefer to form it in the outer casingand between the mid-length of the apparatus and the cock, as at L. Thislnozzle is closed when the apparatus is not being filled with the liquidfuel, and it isshaped to point toward the cock orv valve, as shown inFig. l.

The wick-tube I terminates with an open end at a short distance from thevalve end of the apparatus, and the air-tube similarly terminates at ashort distance from the ,nozzle end. A cotton wick I is placed in theWick-tube, fibrous material C-such as asbestus-is loosely packed in andaround the tube, so as to fill the casing, and a small quantity ofporous or fibrous material P such as asbestus-is packed within thedefiecting-cone I-I and around the nozzle F.

The liquid fuel we prefer to employ is the light petroleum-oil known asbenzoline To fill the apparatus the inlet-nozzle cap L is removed andthe apparatus is held Vertically with the jet end downward. The fuel isthen poured into the casing until it appears within the nozzle or untilit is considered that a sufficient quantity has been supplied. Theapparatus is then inverted, so that any fuel not absorbed by the fibrouspacking will run out through the inlet-nozzle, which is then closed. Bythis arrangement it will be evident that the liquid cannot under anyordinary conditions enter the wick-tube, and that it cannot by any othermeans reach the j et-nozzle.

The valve or cock is constructed with three ways, passages, or channels,by one of which air is .admitted to the valve or cock, by another air isadmitted to the jet-tube, and by the third air is admitted to theair-tube.

A convenient method of construction of a cock is represented in thedrawings, in which a is a channel cut in ,and surrounding the plug, b isa short channel coincident with and controlling the inlet to thejet-tube K, and c is a channel similar in all respects to b, butcommencing at a point in or about a vertical line with the terminationof h and coincident with and controlling the inlet to the air-tube J.There is a channel or means of communication in the plug or in the bodyof the cock between a, b, and c.

The action of the cock or valve is as follows: Let the inlets to theair`tube and to the jet-tube both be closedby the solid part of the plugof the cock, and let alight be aproo able that the supply of air to thejet-tube plied to the nozzle, so as to ignitethe vapor of the liquidfuel issuing therefrom; let also a suitable supply of air-pressure beconnected to the air-inlet E. If, now, the valve or cock is turned, asshown in Fig. 1,air will first en- Vter the jet-tube and create a lsmallblow-pipe iiame at the jet which will be projected beyond the protectorG. The valve being further turned, the channel c opens to the airtube,through which air is consequently admitted to the apparatus, and inpassing through the saturated fibrous material and the wick-tube,which'it lenters at the end nearest the valve, becomes highly chargedwith the hydrocarbon vapor from the liquid fuel before issuing throughthe nozzle, from which a flame of large dimensions is pro;- jected, thecharacter and dimensions of the llame being controlled by the amount ofrotation of the valve and -by the air-pressure. The channels in thevalve are preferably diminished from the middle to the extremities,

so as to secure gradual admission and cut-off and to enable the amountof air passing to be controlled with greater delicacy.

Although we have described an arrange'- l men-t byv which the supply ofair to the jettube is not cut oif until the air-tube is fully opened, wedo not bind ourselves to this arrangement, as in some cases it may bedesirw should be out oif before or at the time the air-tube is opened.NVhen the air-supply to both the tubes is cut oif, the vapor of theliquid fuel continues to issue from and burn at the nozzle, acting as apilot-'light between the'periods of use. The protective perforated tubeor conel G prevents the pilot-light being extinguished by the wind, andtherefore ren'- Y ders the apparatus adaptable for use in exposedpositions.' Any liquid fuel which may from any cause condense at orissue from the nozzle is immediately absorbed by the fibrou's materialsunder the deflecting-cone H, where it is gradually vaporized and burnedbythe flame.

We prefer to construct the nozzle of a series of small short tubes F,arranged around the jet, as in Fig. l, and as shown in plan in Fig/t.VThe spaces between these tubes and betweenv the tubes and the jet andwick tube may bejtightly packed with' asbestus, or may K be filled orotherwise closed with metal.

The jet-tube may, instead of being constructedl and arranged asrepresented in the drawings, be included within the Wick-tube air-tubeand the jet-tube mayjin-this case'v terminate in a removable plate'or ina fixed skeleton framing or bar N. f

A cap or extinguisher G (shown in `dotted lines) may be placed over thejet to prevent evaporation of the fuel when the is not in use.

Having now particularlydescribed and as-f certained the `nature of oursaid yinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, Wedeclare that what We claim isl. In a blow-pipe apparatus, thecombination, with a casing containing an absorbent filling, of awick-tube arranged therein hav- 1 ing a nozzle at one end and extendingfrom the nozzle to a point near the opposite end of the casing, a wickcontained in said wicktube, an air-tube arranged between the wicktubeAand the casing havingv one end adapted for connection with an airsupplyand its 4other endlying near' the nozzle, and a jettube also adapted toreceive a supplyl of air l and having its delivery end lyingwithin' theapparatus nozzle end of the wick-tube, substantially asV described.

2. The combination, with a casing adapted to contain a supply ofhydrocarbon iiuid, of a wick-tube containing a wick arranged in saidcasing and projectingttherefrorn at one end, an air-tube lying betweenthe casing and 3 the wick-tube and terminating near the pro-l jectingend of the wick-tube, a'jet-tub'e also within the casing and having itsj et-del'ivery arranged Within the projecting end of the Wick-tube, athree-Way cock controllingboth l the air-tube and the jet-tube,and'ineansv forl I conveying a supply of air to said tubes,substantially as described.

3. The combination, with a casing adapted v to'contain a supply ofhydrocarbon` fluid, of

a wick-tube containing a wick arranged in said casing and having at oneend a' nozzle projecting from' said casing, a fru'sto-conical delectorsurrounding the nozzle, an absorbent packing between the nozzle and thedelector, and means for delivering airlinto the casing near the nozzleend of the Wick-tube, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with a casing containing an absorbent iilli-ng, of aWick-tube 'arlranged therein containing a wick andl having at one end anozzle projecting from said casing, an air-tube delivering air into thecas- Ioo IIO

ing near the nozzle Y end of the wick-tube, ai jet-tube delivering airto the nozzle, a'three- Way cock controlling the supply of air to theair-tube and the j et-tube, a frusto-coni'cal deflectorsurrounding'the'nozzle, and a perforated open-ended shield surroundingthedeflector, substantially as described.

5'. The combination,with the casing @,having the curved iilling-nozzle Lnear its middle, of a Wick-tube I, arranged'Withinthe'casing, providedwith a wick I', and a projecting nozzle, a filling or packing 'offibrous -mate- In testimony that We claim the foregoing as ourYinvention We have signed our names, in presence of two Witnesses, this9th day of May, 1888.

W. R. RAWLINGS. J. J. RAWLINGS.

Witnesses:

J. R. OOLLETT, WILLIAM FRANCIS.

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